Semiautomatic firearm with trigger operated cocking mechanism



M. W. PASTORE ET AL SEMIAUTOMATIC FIREARM 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April8, 1948 Dec. 26, 1950 M. w. PASTORE ETAL 2,535,155

SEMIAUTOMATIC FIREARM WITH TRIGGER OPERATED COOKING MECHANISM 3Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 8, 1948 A A r A l.

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Dec. 26, 1950 M. w. PASTORE ETAL SEMIAUTOMATIC FIREARM WITH TRIGGEROPERATED COCKING MECHANISM 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed April 8, 1948 -JilInvent-0P5 Mic/25E] EbufE j flit/army Patented Dec. 26, 1950semarrroim'rio FIREARM rrn 'r'nroona OPERATED oooKINc MECHANISM MichaelPasture, Hartford, and .iohn C. Rothwell, Bolton, Cnn., assignors toColts Manufacturing Company, Hartford, Conn, a corporation ofConnecticut Application April 8, 1948, Serial No. 19,696

34 Claims. 1

The invention relates to semiautomatic firearms and while not so limitedis particularly applicable to semiautomatic pistols.

The general object of the invention is to pro vide a semiautomaticfirearm having mechanism operable by the trigger for moving the boltrearward independently of the reaction spring to cock the firingmechanism, the bolt being then movable forward by a spring separate fromthe reaction spring to effect loading. When the firearm has a mainslide, the reaction spring is connected with the main slide and the boltis moved rearward not only independently of the reaction spring but alsoindependently of the main slide.

A more specific object of the invention is to provide mechanism such asdescribed which not only moves the bolt rearward but also releases itafter rearward movement so that it is moved forward by the separatespring independently of the said mechanism.

Another specific object of the invention "s to provide mechan'sm such asdescribed which upon one movement of the trgger rearward from itsforward position moves the bolt independently of the reaction spring toeffect cocking and loading and which upon a subsequ nt movement of thetrigger rearward from its forward position releases the soar to effectfiring.

Still another specific cbect of the invention is to provide, inconiunction with mechanism such as described, a device for locking thefiring pin to prevent movement thereof relative to the bolt when thebolt is being moved independently of the reaction spring.

Still another specific object of the invention is to provide, inconjunction with mechanism such as described, a stop which normallypermits only a relatively small movement of the trigger for normalfiring and which when the firing mechanism is in released positionpermits a relatively large movement of the trigger for causingindependent movement of the bolt to effect cooking and loading.

Still another specific object of the invention is to provide, inconjunction with mechanism such as described, automatic mechanism whichprevents release of the firing mechanism when the bolt is positionedotherwise than in its forward position, the said automatic mechanismalso preferably preventing release of the firing mechanism when themagazine has been removed.

Further specific objects of the invention are to provide various detailsof construction which are necessary or useful for attaining the otherbefore-stated objects.

St'll further objects of the invention will be apparent from thedrawings and from the following specification and claims.

As to certain of its broader aspects the invention is applicable tosemiautomatic firearms of a varety of types, but it is more particularlyappiicable to automatic pistols. In the drawngs the invention is shownas applied to an automatic pstol, but it will be understood that thedrawings are not to be construed as defining or iimiting the scope ofthe invention, the ClZililTS form ng a part of this specification bangrelied upon for that purpose.

Of the drawings:

Fig. 1 s a horizontal sectional view of a semiautomatic pistol embodyingthe invention, the section being taken along the line I--! of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a combined elevational and longitu dinal sectional View of thepistol as shown in Fig. l, the major portion of the section being takenalong the line 22 of Fig. 1.

3 is a vertical transverse sectional view taken along the line 3-3 ofFig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary plan View of the front porton of the bolt and ofthe immediately as soc ated parts.

Fig. 5 is a verticaltransverse sectional view token along the line 5-5of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a vertical transverse sectional view taken along the line 66of Fig. 1.

Fig 7 is a fragmentary vertical longitudinal sectional view taken alongthe line 'l-'i of Fig. 1, but showing only the main slide and the boltand the immediately associated parts.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the disconnector mechanism.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view taken along the line99 of Fig. 10.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary longitidinal View partly in section along theline |Qlll of Fig. 1, this view showing the hammer in its releasedposition and showing associated parts in corresponding positions.

Fig. 11 is a View similar to Fig. 10 but showingthe parts in positionswhich they occupy when the bolt has been moved independently of the mainslide to cock the hammer.

In the drawings, in represents the receiver or frame of an automaticpistol. Many of the de= tails of the frame are or may be of conventionalform. The frame has a grip portion 52 provided with a central openingtherein adapted for receiving and holding a magazine M which may 3 be ofany suitable type. The frame has a trigger guard 16 within which is atrigger l8 movable about a transverse pivotal axis at 2c. The trigger isbiased to its forward position by a spring 2!. Carried by the frame it!is a barrel 22.

When the firearm is an auotomatic pistol as shown, there is provided amain slide 26 which is longitudinally reciprocable with respect to theframe, being guided by longitudinal guideways 26 on the frame. Forwardmovement of the slide is limited by the upper portion of a stop member2'! which projects above the main frame and which is secured thereto bypins 28 and 29. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the forward portion of theslide 24 is shaped to surround or at least substantially surround thebarrel 22. Fitting within the forward end of the slide and fittingaround the forward end of the barrel is a bushing 36 having a rearwardextending tail portion 3| located within a longitudinal slot in thebottom of the slide. This tail portion 3! is secured by a transverse pin32 to the main body of the slide as shown in Fig. 3. Thus the bushing3?} is connected with the slide for reciprocal movement therewith. Aclearance cut 33 is provided in the frame to permit rearward movement ofthat portion of the main slide 2 1 which is below the barrel.

A shouldered sleeve 34 surrounds the barrel near the rear and abutsagainst a shoulder thereon. A shouldered bushing 36 surrounds the barrelnear the front and abuts the said bushing 39. A coil spring 38 extendswithin the sleeve 34 and surrounds the barrel and the bushing 36, thespring abutting against the shoulders on the said sleeve and bushing.Thus the spring 38 serves as more fully explained, the bolt islongitudinally reciprocable independently of the reaction spring andindependently of the main slide. When the bolt moves independently it isguided at the bottorn by a portion of the frame as already stated, andit is guided at the top by reason of its engagement with the saidlongitudinal faces on the main slide.

A spring 42 is provided which is separate from the reaction spring andwhich serves to resist independent rearward movement of the bolt and tomove the bolt forward after such, rearward movement. Preferably thespring 32 is connected not only with the bolt but also with the mainslide so that it has no action when the bolt and main slide are moved inunison. As shown in Figs. 1, and 6, the spring 52 is a longitudinal coilspring positioned in part in a semi-circular groove in the bottom of theupper wall of the slide 26 and in part in a semicylindrical groove inthe top of the bolt :38. The spring abuts at the rear against ashouldered bushing 4'3 carried by the main slide and abuts at the frontagainst a shouldered bushing 45 carried by the bolt. Normally the spring'42 tends to hold the bolt in its forward position,

- in the main slide.

the chamber of the barrel. The depth of the head space is such that,when a cartridge is in place, the head thereof holds the bolt slightlyspaced from the barrel. Preferably a longitudinal rod is provided whichextends through the spring 42 and through apertures in the bushings 44and it. The rear end portion of the rod 59 is reduced in diameter andextends through a longitudinal hole in the rear part of the slide 24. Aspring 52 biases the rod 50 in the forward direction. Carried by thefront end of the rod 50 is an extension 54 which is movable in a notch55 in the bolt and which is positioned to enter the head space 48 whenno cartridge is in place. However, when there is a cartridge in placethe extension 54 abuts against the head of the cartridge-and forces therod 5e rearward in opposition to the spring 52. When the rod 56 is inits forward position it is entirely within the aperture However, when itis forced rearward by the head of a cartridge the rear end thereofextends beyond the end of the main slide as shown in Fig. l, and servesto indicate that 7 there is a cartridge in place in the barrel.

, A firing pin is longitudinally movable in a longitudinal hole in thebolt, the axis of the firing pin being ordinarily in alignment with theaxis of the barrel. When the firing pin is driven forward it serves toeffect firing in the usual manner.

A spring-biased mechanism is provided for actuating the firing pin toeffect firing, this mechanism being so related to the bolt that it ismoved to cocked position upon rearward movement of the bolt. While theinvention is not necessarily so limited, the firing mechanism as shownincludes a hammer 53 which is pivotally movable on a transversesupporting pin 5-0. The hammer is spring biased so that it tends to movefrom its cocked position, as shown in Figs. 2 and 11, toits released orfiring pinengaging position as shown in Fig. 10.

The details of the hammer do not constitute I any part of the presentinvention, but as shown the hammer is provided with a cylindrical recessin which a bushing 62 is longitudinally movable, the bushing beingclosed at its lower or forward end. A coil spring is located within therecess in the hammer and within the bushing, one end of the springabutting against the main body of the hammer and the other end thereofabutting against the end wall of the bushing 62. The 1 wer end of thebushing engages an abutment 66 carried by the frame. This abutment mayconveniently be formed as an integral part of the aforementioned stopmember 21. Inasmuch as the end wall of the bushing 62 rests against theabutment the spring 6-4 acts upon the hammer to .move it in thecounterclockwise direction, that is, from the cocked posie' tion asshown in Figs. 2 and 11 to the released position as shown in 19.

A sear 5B is provided which is rotatable about a transverse axis at thesear being adapted to engage a notch in the hammer to hold it in cockedposition. The sear is biased for movement in the clockwise direction.The hammer preferably has a safety notch ii which can be engaged by thesear to prevent firing in the event that the sear fails to engage thenotch it or is accidentally disengaged therefrom, as for instance whenthe pistol is dropped. When the hammer is in released position the searis in a rear position. as shown in Fig. 10. As the hammer is moved toits cocked position the sear is cammed for-.

Ward to a position for engaging the hammer to retain it in cockedposition. The sear can be moved to release the hammer by a triggeroperable mechanism to be hereinafter described in detail. When the sear3% is so mot-ed the hammer moves upward and forward. under the action ofthespring- E l to strike the firing pin 53 to drive it forward and thuseffect firing.

The longitudinal movement oi the firing pin 56 with respect to the boltis limited by a transverse stop pin 12 which enters an elongated notchformed in the top of firing pin. ll coil spring 14 surrounding the frontportion of the firing pin biases the said pin rearward to the extentpermitted by the stop pin 52. When the hammer is in cocked position theSpring E moves the firing pin to its rearward position as shown in Figs.1 and 2 so that it can struck by the hammer.

The bolt 38 is so shaped at the rear and is so related to the hammerthat it serves upon rearward movement to engage the hammer and move itirom its released position as shown in Fig. to its cooked position asshown in Figs. 2 and 11, where it is engaged and retained by the sear'68.

Upon firing, the bolt id and the slide at are driven rearward in unison,being so driven in opposition to the reaction spring 38. As the boltmoves rearward it moves the hammer to its cocked position as alreadydescribed, the hammer being then engaged by the sear 58. The bolt lilcarries a resilient extractor it having a hook at its forward end whichenters the annular groove inthe cartridge so as to be adapted towithdraw :a

Ward by the extractor or simultaneously therewith, it is engaged by anejector it which extendsupward within a clearance groove in the bolth'i'as shown in Figs. 2 and 5. The ejector serves to force the cartridgelaterally and outward through a port 88 formed in one side of the slide24. After the bolt has been moved rearward as described it is movedforward, under the action of the reaction spring 58. In moving forward.the bolt engages the uppermost cartridge in the magazine H5 and forcesit forward from the magazine and into the chamber of the barrel 22, thisloading action being conventional for firearms of the type hereinvolved.

Preferably a grip safety member 82 is provided, this being generallyU-shaped in horizontal section and being pivoted for movement on thetransversepin 29. The grip safety member has two transversely spacedupward extending arms 84, 84, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, these armshaving inward projecting hook portions which are adapted to engage anotch 85 in the outer part of the body of the hammer. The grip safetymember 82 is normally held in its hammer engaging position by a leafspring 85 as shown in Fig: 2. A portion 8'! of the spring 86 serves tobias the sear E8. The grip safety member, when engaged with the hammeras described, prevents the relase of the hammer even though the triggerl 8 -be pressed to move the sear 68 out of its hammerretaining position.However, when the grip l2 of 'the pistoli's held in the 'normal'manner-by: the hand of the user, the lower portion of the grip safetymember 82 is'pressedinward on forward, thus moving the hook portions ofthe arms- 84; 8Q out of engagement with the hammer: and moving them outof the path of hammer movement so that the hammer is free to movefor"firing" and during cooking.

During normal firing, the movement of the. bolt dilis controlledby thereaction spring 38.and when there is a mainslide suchas 2: 1 the" boltis normallyconnected therewith. Howevenhthe bolt is connected with thereaction spring and: main slide in such a manner that? it isdiscomnectible therefrom for independent reciprocable'. movement. Whilethe invention is not necesssarily so limited the bolt is preferablyconnected with the main slide by means of. a' latch or locki 88*which isrelatively movable'transverselyr The. details of the lock may be widelyvaried;- but. preferably the said lock is carried by the: bolt: and isvertically movable relatively thereto. The: lock is guided in a suitableopening in the bolt and when it is in its upper position as showninFigs. 7 and 10 it projects into a notch 86 in the main slide so as tolock the bolt and the main. slide for movement in unison. When thelockis in its lower position as shown in Fig. 11 it is. withdrawn from thenotch 98 and the bolt is. free to move relatively rearward with respectto the main slide.

For relatively moving the lock 88 there is'provided a lock slide 92which has limited longitudinal movement with respect to the bolt. Thebolt has a notch therein for receiving the-lock slide, the notch beingbounded at the front and at the rear by vertical walls 98 and 96 whichlimit the movement of the lock slide. The lock slide is guided at thetop by a longitudinal wall 98 onthe main slide and is guided at thebottom by a longitudinal wall on the top of the frame. The slide 92 isprovided with an inward projectingintegral tongue I08 which is inclinedat an angle of approximately 45 and which fits a corresponding inclinedgroove llll in the look 88. It will be seen that when the slide 82 ismoved relatively rearward the lock 88 is moved downward out of the notch80. When the slide 92 is moved relatively forward the lock is movedupward into the notch 90. Two springs [82, I82 are provided which biasthe look 88 in the upward direction thus tending to move it into thenotch 98. By reason of the described connection between the lock 88 andthe slide 92 the springs I82, I62 serve not only to bias the lock in theupward direction but also to bias the lock slide in the forwarddirection.

Preferably the lock 88 is provided with an inward extending lug A whichenters a notch H16 in the firing pin 56 when the lock is in its lowerposition thus locking the firing pin against relative movement. It willbe seen that the lug I84 serves to lock the firing pin against movementwith respect to the bolt whenever the bolt is disconnected from the mainslide for independent movement. As will presently be more readilyapparent, the slide 92 is moved to cause downward movement of the lock88 only when the hammer is in released position as shown in Fig. 10.When the hammer is in this position the firing pin is pressed forwardfrom the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2 so that the notch I therein isin vertical register with the lug l M on the look.

A trigger operable mechanism isprovided for disconnecting the bolt andfor moving itrear- Ward or retracting it independently of the re: actionspring and independently of the main slide. The said mechanism and otherassociated mechanisms will be best understood by referring to Figs. and11. In these views the grip safety member is shown in the position towhich it is moved to permit firing. Fig. 10 shows the hammer in releasedpositionwith the other parts in corresponding positions, the triggerbeing in the position to which it was moved for releasing the hammer.The hammer may be in the position shown in Fig. 10, if there was nocartridge in the chamber of the barrel or if there was a cartridge whichfailed to fire. The hammer has moved the firing pin forward inopposition to the spring 14 so that the notch its in the pin is invertical register with the lug HM in the lock 88. Fig. 11 shows thehammer and other parts in positions to which they are moved by theaforesaid trigger operable mechanism, the hammer having been moved tococked position as the result of rearward movement of the bolt but thebolt retractor, hereinafter described, being in a position slightlyforward from its extreme rearr ward position.

The details of the before-mentioned trigger operable mechanism may bewidely varied but there is preferably provided a bolt retractor i538having two spaced arms its, its which are pivotally engaged with thetransverse pin 65$ at opposite sides of the hammer as shown in Fig. 9.At least one link Hi1 is provided and preferably there are two suchlinks which are at opposite sides of the opening for the magazine M.These links are pivotally connected at the rear with the retractor atl2, as shown in 11, and are pivotally connected at the front with thetrigger at H4. It will be seen that when the trigger is moved rearwardto a relatively large extent the links Hi3, iii! are moved forward thusmoving the retractor H98 in the clockwise direction. Supported on theretractor 58 and constituting the upper portion thereof are two similarpawls i it and i it, the upper ends of which are movable about the axisof the pin iii} in arcuate' paths which intersect the path of rearwardmovement of the bolt. The slide 92 has an inward projectingvertical'flange 523, as shown in Figs. 1 and '7, which flange isengageable by the pawl l l E as it moves upward and rearward. When theflange I29 is engaged by the pa l 5515 the slide $2 is moved rearwardthis moving the lo k downward so as to disconnect the bolt from the mainslide. As soon as the slide 92 has reached its limit of relativerearward movement continued engagement of the pawl H6 with the flange Iacts to move the bolt rearward relatively to the main slide. facingshoulder 522, as shown in Fig. 1, which shoulder is so positioned thatit is in transverse register with the forward face of the flange iZtwhen the said flange is in its rearward position with respect to thebolt. Therefore, as soon as the slide 52 has reached its rearwardposition with respect to the bolt the pawl H8 engages the said shoulderH22 and the two pawls H5 and H8 cooperate to move the bolt rearwardrelatively to th main slide. As the bolt is moved rearward by the pawlsare and H8 it moves the hammer to its cocked position as alreadydescribed. It will be seen that the described rearward movement of thebolt is independent of the reaction spring 38 but is resisted by theseparate spring .42. 1 a w The bolt has a forward r of the bolt.

Preferably the pawls H6 and H8 constituting the upper portion of theretractor are not rigidly connected with the main body thereof but arepivotally connected with the said main body for relative movement abouta transverse axis at I24. Stops are provided for preventing the pawls H6and iiil from moving forward relatively to the main body of theretractor beyond the position shown in Figs. 2 and 10. However, thepawls are free to move rearward to a limited extent with respect to thesaid main body, but they are biased toward the front so that they arenormally held in the positions shown.

As the pawls H6 and H8 continue to move rearward they reach a positionwherein they are disengaged from the bolt, this position being justbeyond that shown in Hg. 11. As soon as the pawls move beyond their boltengaging position the bolt is released and it is moved forward by theseparate spring 32. During forward movement of the bolt, the pawls H6and H8 are cammed downward, moving about their axisat 52 i and thuspermitting free forward movement As the bolt moves forward it engages acartridge in the magazine and forces it into the chamber of the barrelin the manner already described. As has been stated the lock 33 isbiased for upward movement and as soon as the bolt reaches its forwardposition the lock moves upward to enter the notch in the main slide, theslide 92 at the same time being moved rela 'vely forward. Thus the boltis again locked to the main slide. Upward movement of the lock releasesthe firing pin and the firing pin is then moved relatively rearward bythe spring it into the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the pin thusbeing in position for engagement by the hammer 53.

When the trigger is released, the retractor let and the links iii! arerestored by the spring 2! to the positions shown in Fig. 2. The pawls H6and H3 move forward with the main body of the retractor and in so movingthey engage the rear of the bolt 43. By reason of their beforementionedpivotal connection with the main body of the retractor at I26, the pawlsare pres ed relatively rearward with respect to the said main body andare thus enabled to move past the bolt. As soon as they have cleared thebolt they are restored to their normal forward positions as shown inFig. 2.

A trigger operable mechanism is provided for moving the sear so as torelease the hammer and permit firing in the usual manner, this beingeffected by a relatively small movement of the trigger. Proferably oneor both of the beforementioned links HEB. Hi serve as a part of thislast-mentioned mechanism. There is at least one sear hook E25 which ispreferably at the rear end of a link 5213 pivoted to one of the linksH9, at 35. As shown there are two sear hooks E25 and two links 525.Springs 53! bias the links 523 for relative upward movement. The sear isprovided with transversely extending beveled proections E32 which areadapted to be engaged by the hooks I25. As the trigger it moves to itsforward position, after having been moved rearwardto effect independentrearward movement of the bolt, the links H9 and the links E28 moverearward. The hammer is in cocked position and the sear is in hammerretaining position on the scar and the hooks I26 then snap into.

has several functions.

9 engagement with the said sear projections as shown in Fig. 2. Thetrigger is now connected withthe sear and is ready to move it andrelease the hammer.

A relatively small rearward movement of the trigger moves the links I23forward so as to move the sear and release the hammer for normal firingaction. At ti ne time the retractcr is moved to a small e? 11 by thelinks I id, but the movement is not sufficient to cause the pawls I I6and I I8 to engage the slide or the bolt. As the links I2 are movedforward by the trigger and by the links I iii the rear ends of the saidlinks I26 are cammed downward as hereinafter described so as to causethe hooks I26 to disengage the sear 66 and leave it free for reengagingthe hammer when thehammer is returned to cocked position upon automaticrearward movement of th main slide an bolt.

In order to provide additional safety, the said :grip' safety member 82is provided with a stop which prevents movement of the trigger and its"connected links when the said grip safety member is in releasedposition. The grip safety member is provided with horns I33 which are inthe path of movement of extensions I34 on the Links H6 when the member82 is in released position, as shown in Fig. 2. When the trigger isiprezsed the links III) tend to move generally rearward but there is apivotal movement of the rear ends thereof about the axis of the pin 60.The said pivotal movement has a downward -co1nponentand, by reason ofthe angles on the engaging faces 'of the horns I33 and of the extensions134, the said horns prevent downward movement of the said-extensions,thus preventing movement of the sear to release the hammer. However,when the grip safety member 82 is moved to the position shown in Figs.'10 and 11, the horns I33 are so positioned that the links I-III can bemoved, thus permitting move- .ment of the trigger to effect firing.

A disconnecting mechanism is provided which One of its functions is todisconnect the sear from the trigger after normal firing action and alsoto disconnect the sear from the trigger in the event that the hammer isreleased with no firing action. The said mechanism also serves todisconnect the sear from the trigger when the bolt is held or retainedin any position other than its forward position and the mechanism mayalso serve to disconnect the sear from the trigger when the magazine I4has been removed. The disconnecting mechanism is shown in detail in Fig.8 and is also shown in Figs. 2, l0 and 11.

A plate I36 is provided having arms I38, I38 which are apertured to fitthe transverse pin 69, these arms being positioned at the outer sides ofthe hammer and at the inner sides of the beforemention'ed arms E09 ofthe retractor I898, as shown in Fig. 9. The front face of the plate I36is positioned to be engaged by the upper portion of the rear wall of themagazine I4 and when the magazine is in place the plate is held in theposition shown in Figs. 2, l0 and 11. The plate is or may be biased formovement in the counterclockwise direction. The before-mentioned ejector18 is preferably formed as an integral part of the plate I36. Thedesrcibed pivotal movement of the plate I36 permits the ejector 18 to beswung forward so that it is below the bottom of the main slide. When theplate and the ejector have been so moved the main slide may be removedfrom or assembled with the frame with- 10 out encountering anyinterference with the ejector.

The plate I36 carries a pin I46 which is biased in the upward directionby a spring I42. The upper end portion of the spring extends through atransverse hole in the pin, thus limiting upward movement thereof. Thelower end of the pin I40 is connected with a transverse pin I44 which isguided in slots in side flanges formed on the plate. The end portions ofthe pin I44 normally engage the tops of the links I28 which carry thesear hooks I26. The upper end of the pin I40 normally extends into anotch I46 formed in the bottom of the bolt 40. With the bolt 40 in itsnormal forward position, the pin I40 is in its upper position and thepin I44 permits the links I28 and the sear hooks I26 to remain in theirnormal upper positions. However, when the bolt is moved rearward fromits normal forward position the inclined wall of the notch I46 forcesthe pin I40 downward, thus causing the pin I44 to move the links I28 andthe hooks I26 downward so that the hooks can no longer engage theprojections I32 on the sear. Thus the sear is disconected from thetrigge whenever the bolt is in any position other than its normalforward position.

As has been stated, the plate I36 is normally held in the position shownby reason of its engagement with the magazine I4. However, when themagazine is removed the plate I36 swings in the counterclockwisedirection about the transverse pivot pin 60. As the plate so moves thepin E44 moves bodily downward thus forcing the links I28 and the hooksI26 downward so as to disconnect the hooks from the projection I32 onthe sear. Thus the sear is disconnected from the trigger whenever thereis no magazine in place.

It has already been stated that, when the trigger is pressed to releasethe sear for normal firing action, the links I28 are cammed downward soas to cause the hooks I26 to disengage the sear and leave it free forreengaging the hammer when the hammer is returned to cocked positionafter automatic rearward movement of the main slide and bolt. When thereis a disconnecting mechanism such as described this disconnectingmechanism serves to cam the links I28 downward to disconnect the hooksfrom the sear. It will be seen that when the bolt 40 moves rearward thepin I46 is forced downward thus forcing the transverse pin M4 downward.The pin I44 engages the links I28 to move them downward, thusdisengaging the hooks I26 from the sear.

The disconnector mechanism also serves to disconnect the sear from thetrigger in the event that firing does not occur, that is, when the boltand hammer remain in the positions shown in Fig. 10. During triggermovement the pivotal connection I36 at the front of the links I28 movesforward and upward, but the said links are engaged with the transversepin I44 which remains stationary. As the result of the upward componentof the movement of the axis I36 the rear parts of the links E28 areswung downward sufficiently to disengage the hooks I26 from the sear. Assoon as the sear is thus disengaged it moves to the position shown inFig. '10.

The before-mentioned relatively large movement of the trigger isnecessary only when the hammer is in released position as shown in Fig.10, and is otherwise undesirable. A mechanism is therefore provided forpreventing the relatively large movement of the trigger when the hammeris to be released from its cocked position as shown in Fig. 2. Alongitudinally movable member I48 is provided, this member preferablybeing a slide guided in grooves formed in the side walls of the gripportion of the pistol. The slide E48 has two lateral portions and alsohas a transverse connecting portion I59 at the rear which normally abutsagainst the sear 68. The slide I48 is biased in the rearward direction,this being efiected by a portion I 52 of the before-mentioned spring 86.The links III] carry two outward projecting pins or stops I 54 and theslide I48 has two upward and forward extending hooks I56 which areshaped and positioned to serve as abutments which cooperate with thestops I54.

When the several parts are in the positions shown in Fig. 2, the slideI48 is held by the sear but it is not in its extreme forward position asit will be moved further forward when the sear is moved forward torelease the hammer. The parts are so formed and related that the stopsI54 move along a curved path as indicated at a in Fig. 11, and it willbe seen that, if the slide 548 and the hooks I 56 were to remainstationary, the stops I54 would move past the hooks without engagingthem. However, the slide and the hooks do not remain stationary but moveforward with the sear when the trigger is pressed.

. This last said forward movement brings the hooks or abutments I56 intopositions wherein they engage the stops I54 to limit forward movement ofthe stops and to thus limit rearward movement of the trigger.

During normal firing action the sear is released from its connectionwith the trigger and moves momentarily to the rear position shown inFig. 10, and in the absence of any provision to the contrary the slideI48 might move to a position at least as far toward the rear as thatshown in Fig. 2 and it might move to an extreme rear position as shownin Fig. 10. If the slide I48 were to so move rearward the hooks I 56would be out of the paths of movement of the stops I54, thus permittinga relative large trigger movement and defeating the intended purpose ofthe hooks or abutments. However, when the trigger is pressed forordinary firing action the stops I54 are pressed against the abutments I56 in such a manner as to prevent rearward movement of the slide I48.Preferably the front pin engaging portions of the hooks or abutments arecurved downward as shown, so that the slide is positively prevented frommoving rearward so long as the trigger is held in the position to whichthe hooks permit it to move.

When the hammer is in its released position as 7 shown in Fig. 10. theslide I48 is in a position at least as far toward the rear as that shownin Fig. 2 and it may be in an extreme rear position as shown in Fig. 10.It is shown in the extreme rear position but a somewhat smaller amountof 'movement would be sufficient. The hooks I56 are out of the path ofmovement of the stops I54 along the line a. Thus the trigger is free tomove to the larger extent which is necessary for effecting independentmovement of the bolt. As the hammer approaches cocked position the searis cammed forward and engages the hammer as shown in Fig. 11. The slideI 48 and the hooks I56 are in the positions shown in Fig. 11 and whenthe trigger is released the parts move from the position shown in Fig.11 to the position shown in Fig. 2. The stops I54 move along the path ato the position shown in Fig. 2, and they so move without engaging thehooks I55.

The following i a brief summary of the manner of operation of thepistol. With the parts in the positions shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and witha supply of cartridges in the magazine M the grip of the pistol is heldin the normal manner, the grip safety member 82 being thus moved out ofthe position shown in Fig. 2 and to the position shown in Figs. 10 and11. The trigger it is pressed to effect firing and when so pressed itmoves the sear $8 to release the hammer 58. The extent of triggermovement is limited by the engagement of the stops I54 with the hooks orabutments I56. When the hammer is released it drives the firing pin 56forward to fire the cartridge. Thereupon the slide 24 and the bolt 4!!are driven rearward in opposition to the reaction spring 38, the bolt 46engaging the hammer 58 to move it to cocked position. A the bolt 40moves rearward the disconnector pin I40 is forced downward so as todisconnect thehooks I26 from the sear 68, thus leaving the sear free toreengage the hammer. As the main slide and bolt are returned in theforward direction by the reaction spring a cartridge is engaged by thebolt and is removed from the magazine and forced into the chamber of thebarrel. When the trigger is released it moves forward to the positionshown in Fig. 2 and the hooks I26 are reengaged with the sear, thepistol being ready for further firing.

The hammer may be in its released position as shown in Fig. 10. This mayresult when the trigger is pressed to release the hammer after the lastcartridge has been fired, or it may result from the failure of acartridge to fire. With the parts in the position shown in Fig. 10, thetrigger is in the position to which it was moved to release the hammer.The scar is in its rearward position and the slide I48 is also in aposition at least as far rearward as that shown in Fig. 2, the hooks orabutments I56 thus having been moved out of the path of the stop I54 sothat the trigger can be moved to an extent much greater than the smallerextent which was necessary for normal firing action. With the parts inthe positions shown in Fig. 10 the trigger is additionally moved so asto move the links H0 in the forward direction and so as to thuspivotally move the retractor H18 in the clockwise direction. As theretractor I68 so moves the pawl He moves the lock slide rearward tounlock the bolt from the main slide and the pawls II6 and H8 then movethe bolt rearward independently of the main slide to the position shownin Fig. 11, the spring 42 being compressed. As the bolt so movesrearward it moves the hammer to cocked position, the hammer beingretained in such position by the sear 68. When the retractor reaches itsrearmost position the bolt is released and is moved forward by thespring 42 and in so moving it engages a cartridge in the magazine andforces it into the chamber of the barrel. When the trigger is released,the trigger and the several parts of the trigger operable mechanism areautomatically restored to the positions shown in Fig. 2. The firearm isthen ready for firing in the manner which has been described.

It will be seen that when the hammer is in released position it isnecessary for the trigger to be pressed twice in order to eifect firing.The trigger is first moved to a relatively large extent to e iectcocking and loading. Then it must be 13 "permitted to return to itsforward position to enable the sear hooks to reengage the sear. Afterthat the trigger is moved to a relatively small extent to efiect firing.

It is always possible, in the event of an emergency. to engage the mainslide manually and move it rearward to effect cocking and loading in themanner which is conventional for pistols of the type shown anddescribed. If the bolt, after being moved independently rearward, shouldfor any rea on fail to move forward to the full extent, the main slidecan be moved rearward manually until the lock 35! automatically entersthe notch in the slide.

What we claim is:

1. Ina semiautomatic firearm, the combination of a frame, a barrel, areaction spring, a reciproca le breech bolt normally connected with thereaction spring to enable the said spring to resi t rearwardmovement ofthe bolt upon firing and to thereafter mo e it forward, the said boltbeing di connecti le from the spring for independent reciprocablemovement, a separate spring serving to re i t independent rearward movement of the bolt and to thereafter move it forward, de ice forextracting and e ecting a cartridge hell during rearward bolt movement.a magazine for supplying a cartridge to a position for insertion intothe barrel during forward bolt movement, a firing pin, a spring-bia edmechanism or act ating t e pin to effect firing, which mechani m ismovable to cocked position by the bolt upon rearward movement thereof, a

biased to retain the firing mechani m in cocked position, a trigger, amechanism operable by the trigger for di connecting the bolt from thereaction spring and for then moving the bolt rearward independently ofthe said reaction spring so as to move the firing mechanism to cockedposition and a trigger operable connection for moving the sear torelease the firing mechanism. 2. A semiautomatic firearm as set forth inclaim 1, wherein the trigger operable mechanism after moving the boltrearward releases it to permit the said separate spring to move itforward independently of the said mechanism.

In a semiautomatic firearm. the combination of a frame. a barrel, areaction spring, a reciprocable breech bolt normally connected with thereaction spring to enable the said spring to resist rearward movement ofthe bolt upon firing and to thereafter move it forward, the said boltbeing disconnectible from the spring for independent reciprocablemovement, a separate spring serving to resist independent rearwardmovement of the bolt and to thereafter move it forward, devices forextracting and e ecting a cartridge shell during rearward bolt movement,a magazine for supplying a cartridge to a position for insertion intothe barrel during forward bolt movement, a firing pin. a spring-biasedhammer movable to cocked position by the bolt upon rearward movementthereof, a sear bia ed to retain the hammer in cocked position. atrigger, a mechanism operable by the trigger for disconnecting the boltfrom the reaction spring and for then moving the bolt rearwardindependently of the said reaction spring so as to move the hammer tococked position, and a trigger operable connection for moving the searto release the hammer and permit it to strike the firing pin to efiectfiring a. In a semiautomatic firearm, the combination of a frame, abarrel, a reaction spring, a

reciprocable breech bolt normally connected with the reaction spring toenable the said spring to resist rearward movement of the bolt uponfiring and to thereafter move it forward, the said bolt beingdisconnectible from the spring for independent reciprocable movement, aseparate spring serving to resist independent rearward movement of thebolt and to thereafter move it forward, devices for extracting andejecting a cartridge shell during rearward bolt movement, a magazine forsupplying a cartridge to a position for insertion into the barrel duringforward bolt movement, a firing pin, a springbiasecl mechanism foractuating the pin to effect firing which mechanism is movable to cockedpositionby the bolt upon rearward movement thereof, a sear biased toretain the firing mechanism in cocked position, a trigger, a mechanismoperable upon a movement of the trigger rearward from its forwardposition for disconnesting the bolt from the reaction spring and forthen moving the bolt rearward independentlv of the said reaction springso as to move the fi ing mechani m to cocked position, and a connectionoperable upon a subsequent movement of t e trigger rearward from itssaid forward position for moving the sear to release the firingmechanism.

5. In a sem automatic firearm, the combination of a reaction spring, areciprocable breech bolt normally connected with the reaction spring anddisconnectible therefrom, a firing pin carr ed bv the breech bolt andmovable relatively thereto to effect firing, a trigger, and a triggeroperab e mechanism for disconnecting the breech bolt from the reactionspring and for moving the breech bolt and firing pin rearwardindependently of the said reaction spring.

6. In a semiautomatic pistol having a barrel, a reciprocable breechbolt, a reaction spring, a firing pin, a spring-biased hammer, a searand a trigger, the combination of a relatively movable element normallyserving to releasably connect the bolt with the reaction spring, and atr gger operable mechanism for relatively moving the said element torelease the bolt from its normal connection with the reaction spring andfor then moving the bolt rearward independentl of the reaction spring soas to cock the hammer.

7. In a semiautomatic firearm, the combination of a frame, a barrel, areciprocable main slide, a reaction spring serving to resist rearwardmovement of the main slide and to thereaft-er move it forward, areciprocable breech bolt normally connected with the main slide formovement therewith and disconnectible therefrom for independentreciprocable movement, a

separate spring serving to resist independent rearward movement of thebolt and to thereafter move it forward, devices for extracting andejecting a cartridge shell during rearward bolt movement, a magazine forsupplying a cartridge to a position for insertion into the barrel duringforward bolt movement, a firin pin, a spring-biased mechanism foractuating the pin to efiect firing which mechanism is movable to cockedposition by the bolt upon rearward movement thereof, a scar biased toretain the firing mechanism in cocked position, a trigger, a mechanismoperable by the trigger for disconnecting the bolt from the main slideand for then moving the bolt rearward independently of the said mainslide so as to move the firing mechanism to cocked position, and atrigger operable connection for moving the sear to release the firing-mechanism.

8. A semiautomatic firearm as set forth in claim 7, wherein the triggeroperable mechanism after moving the bolt rearward releases it to permitthe said separate Spring to move it forward independently of the saidmechanism.

9. In a semiautomatic firearm, the combination of a frame, a barrel, areciprocable main a cartridge shell durin rearward movement of the bolt,a magazine for supplying a cartridge 'to a position for insertion intothe barrel during forward movement of the bolt, a firing pin on thebolt, 2. spring-biased hammer movable t cocked position by the bolt uponrearward move ment thereof, a sear biased to retain the hammer in cockedposition, a trigger, a mechani m operable by the trigger fordisconnecting the bolt from the main slide and for then moving the boltrearward independently of the said main slide so as to move the hammerto cocked position, and a trigger operable connection for moving thesear to release the hammer and permit it to strike the firing pin toeffect firing.

10. A semiautomatic firearm as set forth in claim 9, wherein there is adevice for engaging the firing pin to prevent movement thereof rel-'ative to the bolt when the bolt is disconnected from the main slide.

11. In a semiautomatic firearm, the combina tion of a frame, a barrel, areciprocable main slide, a reaction spring serving to resist rearwardmovement of the main slide and to thereafter move it forward, areciprocable breech bolt normally connected with the main slide formovement therewith and disconnectible therefrom for independentreciprocable movement, a separate spring serving to resist independentrearward movement of the bolt and to thereafter move it forward, devicesfor extracting and ejecting a cartridge shell during rearward boltmovement, a magazine for supplying a cartridge to aposition forinsertion into the barrel during forward bolt movement, a firing pin, aspring-biased mechanism for actuating the pin to eiiect firing whichmechanism is movable to cocked position by the bolt upon rearwardmovement thereof, a sear biased to retain the firing mechanism in cockedposition, a trigger, a mechanismoperable upon a movement of the triggerrearward from its forward position for disconnecting the bolt from themain slide and for then moving it rearward independently of the saidmain slide so as to move the firing mechanism to cocked position, and aconnection operable upon a subsequent movement of the trigger rearwardfrom its said forward position for moving the sear to release the firingmechanism.

12. In a semiautomatic firearm, the combinaation of a reciprocable mainslide, a reaction spring connected with the slide, a reciprocable breechbolt normally connected with the slide and disconnectible therefrom, afiring pin carried by the breech bolt and movable relatively thereto toeffect firing, a trigger, and a trigger operable mechanism fordisconnecting the breech bolt from the slide and for moving the breechbolt and firing pin rearward independently of the slide.

13. In a semiautomatic pistol havin a barrel, a reciprocable main slide,a reaction spring, a firing pin, a spring-biased hammer, a scar and atrigger, the combination of a reciprocable breech bolt normallyconnected with the main slide and disconnectible therefrom, and atriggcr operable mechanism for disconnecting the bolt from the mainslide and for then moving the bolt rearward independently of the mainslide so as to cook the hammer.

14. In a semiautomatic firearm, the combination of a frame, a barrel, areciprocable main slide, a reaction spring serving to resist rearwardmovement of the main slide uponfiring and to thereafter move it forward,a breech bolt reciprocable independently of the main slide, a releasablelock normally connecting the bolt to the main slide for reciprocationtherewith, a separate spring serving to resist independent rearwardmovement of the bolt and to thereafter move. it forward, a firing pin, aspringbiased mechanism for actuating the pin to effect firing whichmechanism is movable to cocked position by the bolt upon rearwardmovement thereof, a scar biased to retain the firing mechanism in cockedposition, a trigger, a mechanism operable by the trigger for moving thelock to disconnect the bolt from the main slide and for then moving thebolt rearward independently of the said main slide so as to move thefiring mechanism to cocked position, and a trigger operable connectionfor moving the sear to re lease the firing mechanism.

15. In a semiautomatic firearm, the combination of a frame, a barrel, areciprocable main slide, a reaction spring servin to resist rearwardmovement of the main slide upon firing and to thereafter move itforward, a breech bolt guided by the main slide for independentreciprocable movement, a releasable lock normally connecting the bolt tothe main slide for reciprocation therewith, a separate spring connectedwith the bolt and the main slide and serving to resist independentrearward movement of the bolt and to thereafter move it forward, afiring pin, a spring-biased mechanism for actuating the pin to effectfiring which mechanism is movable to cocked position by the bolt uponrearward movement thereof, a sear biased to retain the firing mechanismin cocked position, a trigger,

a mechanism operable by the trigger for moving the lock to disconnectthe bolt from the main slide and for then moving the bolt rearwardindependently of the said main slide so as to move the firing mechanismto cocked position, and a trigger operable connection for moving thesear to release the said firing mechanism.

16. In a semiautomatic firearm, the combination of a frame, a barrel, areciprocable main slide partly surrounding the barrel and extendingrearward beyond the barrel, a coil reaction spring surrounding thebarrel and connected with the main slide and serving to resist rearwardmovement of the slide upon firing and to thereafter move it forward, abreech bolt within the rear portion of the main slide and guided therebyfor independent reciprocable movement, a releasable lock normallyconnecting the bolt to the main slide for reciprocation therewith, acoil spring within the rear portion of the main slide and connected withthe bolt and with the rm -r saidmain. slide and serving to resistindependent. rearward movement. of they bolt and to there-. after moveit forward, a. firing pin, aspringbiased hammer movable to cocked.position. by the bolt upon rearward movement thereof, a. sear biased toretain the hammer in cocked position, a. trigger. a mechanism operableby, the trigger for moving thelock to disconnect the. bolt Irom the mainslide and for. then moving thebolt rearward. independently of the said.main slide.

so. as to move the hammer to cocked position,

and. a... trigger operable connection for moving thesear to release thehammer and permit, it...

a firing. pin, carried by the bolt, a spring-biased.

mechanism for actuating the pin to effect firing which mechanism ismovable to cocked position 'by the. bolt. uponrearward movement thereof,

a; scar biased to retain the firing mechanism in cocked position,aetrigger, a lock slide having limited longitudinal relative movementand serving. upon movement in one direction to move the lock. out oflocking engagement, a trigger operable mechanism for engaging the lockslide to move it as last aforesaid and for then moving the bolt rearwardindependently of the main slide so as to move the firing mechanism to.cocked-position, and a trigger operable connection for movingthe sear torelease the firing mechanism.

18. Ina semiautomatic firearm, the combinationsof a frame, a barrel, areciprocable main slide, arreaction spring serving to resist rearwardv;=thereafter move. it forward, a breech bolt removement of. the :mainslide upon firing and to iprocable independently of the main slide, arelfeasablellock .onthe bolt normally engagingthe main slide to. connect.thebolt to the said main.

slide for reciprocation therewith, a separate spring serving to resistindependent rearward movement of theibolt and to thereafter move. itforward, a firing pincarried by the bolt, a springbiased mechanism foractuatin the pin to effect.

firing which mechanism is movable. to cocked position by the bolt uponrearward movement there,

of, a sear biased to retain the firing mechanism in cocked position, atrigger, a lock slide on the bolt having limited longitudinal relativemovement and spring-biased to its forward position.

the said lock slidebeing' connected with the lock to moveit outoflocking engagement with the main. slide when the. lock slide is movedrelatively rearward, a trigger operable mechanism for engaging the lockslide to move it relatively rearward and for then moving .the. boltrearward independently of the main slide so as to move the firingmechanism to cocked position, and a trigger operable connection :formoving the sear. to re-- lease the firing'mechanism.

19. A semiautomatic firearm as set forth in claim 18, wherein thetrigger operable mechanism after moving the lock slide and bolt rearsward releases them to permit the bolt to be moved forward by thesaidseparate spring independently 18 of. the said mechanism and to.permit the lock slide to move relatively forward and thus. enable thelock to move into locking engagement with the main slide.

20. A, semiautomatic. firearm, as. set forth in. claim 18, whereinthereis. a. lu on the lock for engaging the firing pin to. preventmovement thereof relative to the bolt when the. l ck. is out of lockingengagementwith they main. slide.

21. In a semiautomatic. firearm, the combination of a frame. abarrel, a.reaction spring, a re-. ciprocabl breech bolt. normally connected withthe reaction spring. to enable the. said spring to resist rearwardmovement of, the bolt uponfiring and to thereaiter move. it forward,the. said bolt being disconnectible from. the sp n for independentreciprocable movement, a separate spring. serving to resistindependent rearward retracting.

movement of the. bolt and to thereafter move it forward, a firing pin, aspring-biased mechanism ing the sear to release. the. firing mechanism,a

retractor having an upper portion normally in a forward position andmovable rearward in a genorally longitudinal arcuate path intersectingthe path. of rearward movement of the bolt, an element on the boltengageable. by the upper portion of the retractor and serving when so ena ed to disconnect the bolt from. the reaction spring, and a. triggeroperable linkage. for moving the retractor to cause the arcuatelymovable upper portion thereof to move rearward, the said upper portionfirst engaging the said element. on the bolt to disconnect the bolt fromthe reaction spring and then retracting the bolt independently of thesaid reaction spring so as to move the firing mechanism to cockedposition.

22. In a semiautomatic firearm, the combination of a frame, a barrel, areciprocable main slide, a reaction spring serving to resist rearwardmovement of the main slide upon firing and to thereafter moveit forward,a breech bolt reciprocabie independently of the main slide, a releasablelock normally connecting the bolt to the main slide for reciprocationtherewith, a separate spring servingto resist independent rearwardretracting movement of the bolt and to thereafter move it forward. afiring pin, a springbiased mechanism for actuating the pin to effectfiring which mechanism is movable to cocked position by the bolt uponrearward movement thereof, a scar biased to retain the firing mechanismin cocked position, a trigger, a trigger operable connection .for movingthe sear to release the firing mechanism, a. retractor having an upperportion normally in a forward position and movable rearward in. agenerally longitudinal arcuate path intersecting the path of rearwardmovement of the bolt, an element on the bolt ensagcable by the upperportion of the retractor and servin when so engaged to move the lock anddisconnect the bolt from the main. slide, and a trigger operable linkagefor moving the retractor to cause the arcuately movable upper portionthereof to move rearward, the said upper portion of the retractor firstengaging the said element onv the bolt to disconnect the bolt from themain slide and then moving the bolt rearward independently of the saidmain slide so as to move the firing mech-- anism to cocked position.

23. In a semiautomatic. firearm, the combination of a frame, a barrel,2, reciprocable main slide, a reaction spring serving to resist rearwardmovement of the main slide upon firing and to of, a sear biased toretain the firing mechanism in cocked position, a trigger, a triggeroperable connection for moving the sear to release the firing mechanism,a retractor having an upper portion normally in a forward position andmovable rearward in a generally longitudinal arcuate path intersectingthe path of rearward movement of the bolt, an element on the boltengageable by the upper portion of the retractor and serving when soengaged to move the lock and disconnect the bolt from the main slide,and a' trigger operable linkage for moving the retractor to cause thearcuately movable upper portion thereof to move rearward so that thesaid upper portion first engages the said element on the bolt todisconnect the bolt from the main slide and then moves the bolt rearwardindependently of the said main slide so as to move the firing mechanismto cocked position, the said linkage finally moving the upper portion ofthe retractor to a position wherein it disengages the bolt and permitsit to be moved forward independently of the retractor by the saidseparate spring.

24; In a semiautomatic firearm, the combination of a frame, a barrel, areciprocable main slide, a reaction spring serving to resist rearwardmovement of the main slide upon firing and to thereafter move itforward, a breech bolt reciprocable independently of the main slide, areleasable lock normally connecting the bolt to the main slide forreciprocation therewith, aseparate spring serving to resist independentrearward retracting movement of the bolt and to thereafter move'itforward, a firing pin, a spring-biased mechanism for actuating the pinto effect firing which'mechanism is movable to cocked position by thebolt during rearward movement thereof, a sear biased to retain thefiring mechanism in cocked position, a trigger, a trigger operableconnection for moving the sear to release the-firing mechanism, aretractor pivoted for movement about a transverse axis and having a mainbody 7 and an upper portion and being biased to its forward position,the said retractor having its upper 1 portion movable in a pathintersecting the path of rearward movement of the bolt, an element onthe bolt 'engageable by the upper portion of the retractor and servingwhen so engaged to move the lock and disconnect the bolt from the mainslide, a trigger operable linkage connected with the main body of theretractor formoving it to cause the upper portion thereof to firstengage the said element on the bolt to disconnect 2o tractor and themainbody thereofwhich permits the said upper portion'to move relativelyto the said main body'vv'hen the said upper portion engages the boltduring subsequent forward movefl ment of the retractor.

25; In a semiautomatic firearm, the combination of a frame, a barreL'areciprocable main-- slide, a reaction spring'serving to resistrearwardmovement of the main slide upon firing and to thereafter move itforward, abreech bolt recipro cable independently of the main slide, areleas-- able lock normally connectingthe bolt to the main slide forreciprocation therewith, aseparatespring serving to resist independentrearward re tracting movement of the-bolt and'to thereafter move itforward, a firing pin, a spring-biasedhammer pivoted for movement abouttransverse axisand movable to cocked position by the bolt upon rearwardmovement thereof; a sear biased to retain the hammer in cocked position,a trigger, a trigger operable connection for moving the sear to releasethe hammer and permit it to strike the 1 firing pin to effect firing, aretracto pivoted for movement about the hammer axis and having its upperportion movable in a path intersecting the path of rearward movement ofthe bolt, an element on the bolt engageable by the upper portion of theretractor and serving when so engaged to.

move the loci: and disconnect the boltfrom the main slide,"and triggeroperable linkage for moving the retractor to cause the upperportionthereof to firstengage the said element on the. bolt todisconnect the bolt from themain slide and to then move the boltrearward. independently of the said main slide so as to move the firingmechamsm to cocked position.

26. In a semiautomatic firearm, the combina-I tion of a frame, a barrel,a reaction spring, a re- Cipro-cable breech bolt normall connectedwiththe reaction spring to enable the said spring to resist rearwardmovement of the bolt upon firing and to thereafter move itforward, thesaid bolt pendent tion, a trigger, a mechanism operable upon arelatively large trigger movement for disconnecting the bolt from thereaction spring and'for moving i the bolt rearward independently of thesaid reaction spring'so as to movethe firing mechanism to cociredposition, a connection operable upon a relatively small trigger movementfor moving the sear to release the firing mechanism, and an; abutmentnormally permitting only the said relatively small trigger movement andautomatically movable'to permit the said relatively large triggermovement when the firing mechanism is in released position. '27. In asemiautomatic firearm, the combinament therewith and disconnectibletherefrom for independent reciprocable movement, a separate; springserving to resist independent rearward 1. movement of the bolt and tothereafterzmove it forward, a firing pin, .a lspringebiased,mechaef:

aceta e:

nism for actuating the pinto-efiect firing which mechanism is movable tococked position. by the bolt upon rearward movement thereof, asearbiased to retain thev firing mechanism in cocked position, atrigger, a mechanism operable upon-a relatively large trigger movementfor disconnecting the bolt from the main slide and for-moving the boltrearward independently of the said mail} slide so as itomove the firingmechanism to cocked position, a-iconnection operable upon a relativelysmall trigger movement for moving the sear'jto release the firingmechanism, and an abutment normally permitting only the said relativelysin l-l trigger movement and automatically movable;-,to permit the saidrelatively large trigger movement when the firing mechanism is inreleased positiori.

28. A semiautomatic firearm as set f0l'th".: i ll claim 27, wherein theabutment is movable by the scar and serves to prevent the saidrelatively large movement of the trigger when the sear is in theposition to which it is moved to release the firing mechanism, the saidabutment being movable to permit such movement of the trigger when thesear is in a position corresponding to the released position of thefiring mechanism.

29. In a semiautomatic firearm, the combination of a frame, a barrel, areciprocable main slide, a reaction spring serving to resist rearwardmovement of the main slide upon firing and to thereafter move itforward, a reciprocable breech bolt normally connected with the mainslide for movement therewith and disconnectible therefrom forindependent reciprocable movement, a separate spring serving to resistindependent rearward movement of the bolt and to thereafter move itforward, a firing pin, a springbiased mechanism for actuating the pin toeffect firing which mechanism is movable to cocked position by the boltupon rearward movement thereof, a sear biased to retain the firingmechanism in cocked position, a trigger, a mechanism operable upon arelatively large trigger movement for disconnecting the bolt from themain slide and for moving the bolt rearward independently of the saidmain slide to move the firing mechanism to cocked position, a connectionoperable upon a relatively small trigger movement for moving the sear torelease the firing mechanism, a stop movable with the trigger, anabutment automatically movable to a stop engaging 'position uponmovement of the sear to release the firing mechanism so as to permitonly theisaid relatively small trigger movement, the said abutment beingbiased for movement out of its stop engaging osition when the firingmechanismis in released position and the said abutment" by reason of itsengagement with the stop being prevented from movement out of stopengaging position so long as the trigger is pressed.

30. In a semiautomatic firearm, the combination of a frame, a barrel, 9.reciprocable main slide, a reaction spring serving to resist rearwardmovement of the main slide upon firing and to thereafter move itforward, a reciprocable breech bolt normally connected with the mainslide for movement therewith and disconnectible therefrom forindependent reciprocable movement, a separate spring serving to resistindependent rearward movement of the bolt and to thereafter move itforward, a firing pin, a springbiased mechanism for actuating the pin toeffect firing which mechanism is movable to cocked position by the boltupon rearward movement thereof, a sear biased to retain the firingmechanism in cocked position, a trigger, a mechanism 22 operable upon arelatively large. trigger move ment for disconnecting the bolt from the.main slide and for moving the bolt rearward independently of the saidmain slide to move the firing mechanism to cocked position, a connectionoperable upon a relatively small trigger movement for moving the sear torelease the firing mechanism, a member movable longitudinally andnormally abutting against the sear, the said member being movable by thesear to a forward position when the sear is moved to release the firingmechanism, a spring for biasing the member in the rearward direction, anabutment on the said longitudinally movable member, and a stop movablewith the trigger and engaging the abutment when the last said member isin its said forward position so as to permit only the said relativelysmall trigger movement, the said stop by reason of its engagement withthe said abutment preventing rearward movement of the saidlongitudinally movable member by the last said spring.

31. In a semiautomatic firearm, the combination of a frame, a barrel, areciprocable main slide, a reaction spring serving to resist rearwardmovement of the main slide and to thereafter move it forward, areciprocable breech bolt normally connected with the main slide formovement'therewith and disconnectible therefrom for independentreciprocable movement, a separate spring serving to resist independentrearward movement of the bolt and to thereafter move it forward, devicesfor extracting and ejecting a cartridge shell during rearward boltmovement, a magazine movable into and out of an operative position forsupplying a cartridge to a position for insertion into the barrel duringforward bolt ,movement, a firing pin, a spring-biased mechanism foractuating the pin to effect firing which mechanism is movable to cockedposition by the bolt upon rearward movement thereof, a scar biased toretain the retaining firing mechanism in cocked position, a trigger, amechanism operable upon a relatively large movement of the trigger fordisconnecting the bolt from the main slide and for then moving the boltrearward independently of the main slide to move the firing mechanism tococked position, the said mechanism including a longitudinal linkconnected at its forward end with the trigger and movable forward whenthe trigger is moved rearward, a sear hook bodily movable with the saidlongitudinal link and transversely movable relatively thereto, the saidhook being biased for relative movement in one direction and having snapengagement with the sear when the link is in its rear position and whenthe sear is in position to retain the firing mechanism and the said hookupon a relatively small movement of the trigger and of the saidlongitudinal link serving to move the sear to release the firingmechanism.

32. A semiautomatic firearm as set forth in claim 31, wherein there is amechanism serving to move the sear book out of scar engaging positionimmediately after the sear has been moved sufiiciently to release thefiring mechanism.

33. A semiautomatic firearm as set forth in claim 31, wherein there is amechanism serving when the bolt is in any position other than itsforward position for holding the sear hook out of sear engagingposition.

34. A semiautomatic firearm as set forth in claim 31, wherein there is amechanism movable to a position wherein it serves to hold the sear hookout of sear engaging position, the said mits the hook to engage thesear. '1

MICHAEL w. PASTORE. JOHNC. ROTHWELL.

24; REFERENCES CITED The following references afeof record in the fiieof this patent? 7 v UNITED S'I ATES EATENTS Number Name 7 7 1,146,984Wesson July 20, 1915' 1,320,578; "Savage. i Nov. 4, 1919 1,418,021Reifgraber May 30, 1922- Oberhammer Apr. 3, 1928 Date v a

